1. For a column
   1. Click the letter at the top of the column
   2. Select “insert” from the menu bar
   3. Select “cells” from the insert menu
2. For a row
   1. Click the number at the left of the row
   2. Select “insert” from the menu bar
   3. Select “cells” from the insert menu

• Multiple options
  1. Place your cursor over the vertical line between two columns (between the letters A & B, for example), click and hold down your mouse, and then drag it left or right.
  2. Double click the vertical line between the two columns in the header row (between the letters A & B, for example). This will automatically make the column to the left as wide as necessary to see all data.
  3. With your cursor, click the box in the upper left-hand corner (above the “1” and to the left of the “A”) to select all columns, then double click any vertical line between columns in the header row. This will make all columns in the spreadsheet as wide as necessary to see all data.

1. Place the cursor in the blank box above the “1” and to the left of the “A” in the upper left corner of your spreadsheet screen, and click once. This will shade in the entire spreadsheet. THE ENIRE AREA BEING SORTED MUST BE SHADED or YOUR DATA WILL GET MIXED UP IN THE SORT.
2. Select “data” from the menu bar at the top of the screen
3. Select “sort” from the data menu
4. Choose “header row” or “no header row,” depending on whether you want your top line to remain at the top after the sort.
5. Select a column, or columns, on which to base your sort.
6. Click OK.

1. Place your cursor in the cell where you want the answer to appear
   1. To add, type: =sum(a2:a5)
      1. This command will sum everything from a2 to a5, or a2, a3, a4 and a5. If you want to add only a2 and a5, do it like this: =sum(a2,a5) or =sum(a2+a5)
      2. Hit return to produce your result.
   2. To average, type: =average(a2:a5) and hit return
   3. To determine the median value, type in: =median(a2:a5) and hit return
   4. To determine the low number in the list, type: =min(a2:a5) and hit return
   5. To determine the high number in the list, type: =max(a2:a5) and and hit return
2. The result will change each time you change a number in cells a2, a3, a4 or a5. So if you want to move your result to another area of your spreadsheet, first execute a “paste special” command.
3. Alternate method to sum a total: Click the Sigma sign in the tool bar and Excel will guess what you want to sum.
4. More: There are dozens of formula functions, including rank, extracting the month, year and day from a date field, and counting blanks or non-blank cells. Here are two easy ways to locate more formulas:
   1. Select the Fx button next to the Sigma button in the Excel toolbar.
   2. Google search: What is the Excel formula for ….?

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1. Select area for which you want to change the style
   1. Put your cursor in a cell to change just that box
   2. Click on the column letter or the row number to change the style for an entire column or row.
   3. Or Click on the top left box above the “1” and to the left of the “A” to change the style for the entire spreadsheet.
2. Select “format” from menu bar
3. Select “cells” from format menu, and make a choice. Here are some of your options:
   1. To change decimal format: Select “number,” then select number of decimals desired, and click OK.
   2. To change date format: Select “date” and then choose date format desired from the list, and click OK.
   3. To display numbers as percents: Select “percentage,” chose the number of decimals desired, and click OK.

1. If you want your header row to remain visible at all times
   1. Place your cursor in cell A2 (or all the way to the left and immediately below the row you want to remain visible)
   2. Select “window” from the menu bar
   3. Select “freeze panes” from the window menu
2. If you want both the header row and the left most column to remain visible at all times
   1. Place your cursor in cell B2 (or just below and to the right of the information you want to remain visible)
   2. Select “window” from the menu bar
   3. Select “freeze panes” from the window menu
3. When using this command, everything will remain visible above and to the left of where you have the cursor when you execute the “freeze” command.

1. Insert one or more columns as needed immediately to the right of the column you plan to split
   • For this first step, you can click the letter in the header of the column to the right of your column being split and select insert cells from the menu bar
2. Click the letter in the header column of the column you intend to split
3. Select “data” from the menu bar
4. Select “text to columns” from the data menu
5. Select “delimited” and hit next
6. Select the proper delimiter for your case
   1. If there is a space between the first and last name, select space, and hit finish
   2. If there is a comma, select comma, and then hit finish

1. Put your cursor where you want the new column to appear (inserting a new column if necessary)
2. Type =concatenate(
3. Then type the columns or information you want to create, such as:
   1. =concatenate(a1, b1, c1) This will combine the information in cells a1, b1 and c1 into a single cell
   2. =concatenate(a1, ” “, b1) This will combine column a1 and b1, and add a space between the two
   3. =concatenate(a1, ” percent”) This will take one is in a1 and add the word percent after it
4. After you have created the proper formula in the first cell at the top of your spreadsheet, you can repeat the formula throughout your spreadsheet by following these steps
   1. Select the top cell in your column with the formula
   2. Move your cursor over the bottom right corner of that cell until the large, hollow plus sign changes to a small, solid plus sign
   3. Double-click the bottom right corner that that point and the formula will automatically repeat itself going downward for as long as there is information the column to the immediate left

Sometimes it is necessary to replace cell formulas and permanently save the result of the formulas in the spreadsheet. Here’s how to do that:

1. Select a cell(s), an entire column or row, or the entire spreadsheet.
2. Copy the selection It’s OK to select and copy an entire document — even though some cells won’t have formulas — as long as you want to lose all formulas)
3. Select “edit” from the menu bar
4. Select “paste special” from the edit menu
5. Select “values” and click OK

1. Select only the contents of the spreadsheet you want to change
2. Copy the selection
3. Place your cursor where you want to execute the paste
4. Select “edit” from the menu bar
5. Select “paste special” from the edit menu
6. Select “transpose” and click OK

1. Select the cell(s), rows or columns you want to “wrap”
2. Select “format” from the menu bar
3. Select “cells” from the format menu
4. Select the “alignment” tab
5. Select the “wrap text” box and click OK
6. If necessary, adjust the width and height of the results by using the method explained under “how to adjust column widths”

1. Select “data” from the menu bar
2. Select “filter” from the data menu
3. Pick “auto filter”
4. The result will be arrows next to each piece of information in Row 1
   1. Click any arrow to get a list of choices and pick what you want to see
   2. Or try some customized sorts by selecting “custom” after clicking the area
   3. Or revert to the complete list again by selecting all after clicking the area

• If your spreadsheet has about 65,000 rows of data, be concerned. You may have lost some data. The maximum number of rows Excel will accept is 65,536. If you are trying to import more, the extra lines will be lost. Access can be used for the larger files. (The newest version of Excel does not have this problem.)
• When sorting, make sure your entire spreadsheet is selected, or at least the entire area you want to sort. Otherwise, only some columns will be reordered and the data will get mixed up.